DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

Metapenaeus lysianassa (De Man, 1888)

(a)A wide and short rostrum;

(b) PETASMA distolateral projections of petasma bifurcate distally; distomedian projections with a minute filament on their median margins.

(c) THELYCUM anterior and lateral plates of thalycum subequal in size, anterior plate tongue-like and grooved, posterior plate suboval with thick median margins

(d) Merus of pereopod fifth of male showing ventral keel.

Distinctive characters: Almost entire body pubescent; rostrum very short, reaching as far as middle of first antennular article and armed with 6 or 7 teeth along entire dorsal margin; rostaral crest high.

Colour: Pale yellow to pale whitish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

Parapenaeopsis stylifera (Milne Edwards, 1837)

(a) Distal half of rostrum unarmed

(b) PETASMA distolateral projections of petasma slender, horne like and straight, directed antero-laterally and with ventro-external openings; distomedian projections small and curved ventrally.

THELYCUM anterior plate of thelycum square, concave, with a slender stem-like posterior process; posterior plate deeply notched anteromedially.

Distinctive characters : Rostrum sigmoid-shaped,strongly upcurved and by far over reaching tip of antennu1-ar peduncle (in males somewhat shorter), armed with 7 to 9 dorsal teeth; but toothless in distal half or more.

Colour : Pinkish white to pale brownish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

Parapenaeopsis tenella (Bate, 1888)

(a) Epigastric spine absent

(b) PETASMA

(c) THELYCUM

Distinctive characters : Rostrum almost reaches to tip of second segment of antennular peduncle. Horizontal tip of rostrum with slight upward curve; rostral tooth formula 7.

Colour : Pale yellow to pale brownish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

16. Parapenaeopsis uncta Alcock, 1905

(a) Dorsal side of the cephalothorax has a prominent red spot

(b) PETASMA distolateral projections of petasma simply tapering to end, each with a long dorsomedian spine-like process; distomedian projections very small.

(c) THELYCUM anterior plate of thelycum wide and short, with curved anterior margin and with 2 longitudinal ridges, medially fused with the quadrate posterior plate.

Distinctive characters : Rostrum armed vjith 9 to 11 dorsal teeth; in females and young males sigmoid shaped, toothless on distal 1/4 to 1/3 and styliforni, usually reaching third antennular article or beyond; in large males, straight, not reaching beyond second antennular article.

Colour : Pale brown to dark Brown

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

17. Parapenaeus longipes Alcock, 1905

(a) Branchiostegal spine absent

(b) PETASMA with distolateral lobes spout-like and as long as distomedian ones.

(c) THELYCUM anterior plate of thelycum semicircular, articulating to intermediate plate and with a median groove which continues on intermediate plate; the latter is broad, quadrate and continuous to posterior sternal plate.

Distinctive characters : Body hairless, Rostrum reaching or exceeding distal margin of basal antennular segment, slight-Ly curved downward and armed with 6 or 7 dorsal teeth, longitudinal and transverse sutures present.

Colour : pinkish to pale whitish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

18. Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus) indicus (Milne Edwards, 1837)

(a) Adrostral crest and groove extending as far as or just beyond epigastric tooth

(b) Low rostral crest

(c) Gastroorbital crest extending over posterior 2/3 of distance between hepatic spine and orbital margin

(d) PETASMA with distomedian projections overhanging distal margin of costae; ventral costae unarmed; outer surface of lateral lobes with a few rows of minute tubercles.

(e) THELYCUM with lateral plates, theie median margins forming tumid lips beset with papillae on their inner surface; anterior process rounded distally; posterior process ill-calcified, almost completely inserted between lateral plates.

Distinctive characters : Carapace hairless. Rostrum slender and long, with 7 to 9 teeth on dorsal, and 4 to 6 teeth on ventral margin; blade of rostrum becoming moderately high in large specimens.

Colour : pale white

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

19. Penaeus (Fenneropenaeus) merguiensis De Man, 1888

(a) Adrostral groove and crest not reaching as far as epigastric teeth

(b) High rostral crest

(c) Gatroorbital crest extending over middle third to half (1/3) of distance between hepatic spine and orbital margin

(d) PETASMA with distomedian projections overhanging distal margin of costae; free border of ventral costae serrate near apex; outer surface of lateral lobes with several rows of minute tubercles.

(e) THELYCUM with lateral plates, their median margins forming tumid lips beset with papillae on their inner surface; anterior process slightly concave, rounded distally; posterior process illcalcified, almost completely inserted between lateral plates.

Distinctive character : Carapace smooth. Rostrum armed with 6 to 9 teeth on dorsal and 3 to 6 on ventral margin; blade of rostrum high, broadly triangular in sharp.

Colour : milky white

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

20. Penaeus (Melicertus) canaliculatus (Clavier, 1811)

(a) Unarmed telson

(b) PETASMA segment,

(c) THELYCUM

(d) Last abdominal segment colour band reaching the ventral margin.

Distinctive characters : Carapace smooth. Rostrum armed with 9 to 11-teeth segment colour and a single tooth on ventral margin.

Colour : Pale yellow to reddish brown

21 Penaeus (Marsupenaeus) japonicus Bate, 1889

(a) Adrostral sulcus narrower than post rostral carina

(b) Telson armed with 3 pairs of spinules

(c) PETASMA,

(d) THELYCUM

(e) Last abdominal segment colour band not reaching the ventral margin

(f) Accessory crest on the blade

Distinctive characters .: Carapace smooth. Rostrum armed with 9 to 11 teeth on dorsal, and a single teeth on ventral r,iargin, with an accessory crest on the blade.

Colour : Pale yellow to reddish brown

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

22. Penaeus (14elicertus) latisulcatus Kishinouye, 1896

(a) Adrostral sulcus as wide of post-rostral carina

(b) Telson with pairs of spinules

(c) PETASMA,

(d) THELYCUM

Distinctive characters : Carapace smooth. Rostrum with 9 to 12 teeth on dorsal, and a single tooth on ventral margin some times with a feeble accessory crest on the blade.

Colour : Pale yellow to pale brownish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES 23. Penaeus (Penaeus) monodon Fabricius, 1798 (a) Hepatic carina horizontally straight (b) Fifth pereopod without an exopod (c) PETASMA, (d) THELYCUM (e) Adrostral crest and groove extending or reaching as far as epigastric tooth. Distinctive characters : Carapace smooth. Rostrum armed with 7 to 8 teeth on dorsal, and 3 or 4 (rarely 2) teeth on ventral margin Colour : Green-gray to blackish brown DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

24. Penaeus (Penaeus) semisulcatus De liaan, 1844

(a) Hepatic carina inclined at an angle of 20 anteroventrally

(b) Fifth pereopod with small exopod,

(c) PETASMA,

(d) THELYCUM

(e) Adrostral crest and groove extending well beyond epigastric tooth.

Distinctive characters : Carapace smooth. Rostrum armed with 5 to 8 teeth on dorsal and 2 to 4 teeth on ventral margin.

Colour : Pale greenish to Pale brown

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

25. Trachypenaeus granulosus (Haswell, 1879) Sym : (Trachypenaeus pescadoreensis)

(a) Epipodite present on the third pair of pereopod

(b) PETASMA with very broad distolateral projections, their tips curving forward in a broad sweep and then inward; distomedian projections small, curved ventrally.

(c) THELYCUM anterior plate of thelycum flate or slightly concave, rounded distally and with a posterior rounded projection which can be very prominent and is often fused to posterior plate; posterior plate excavate on either side of median convexity.

Distinctive characters : Entire body densely pubesecent. Rostrum armed with 9 to 11 doral teeth, reaching to distal half of second antennular article or little beyond, upcurved in females, straight in males.

Colour : pinkish to pale red

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES 26. Trachypenaeus sedill Hall, 1961 (a) PETASMA with long horne-like distolateral projections directed laterally, their tips slightly curving forward; distomedian projections small, curved ventrally. (b) THELYCUM anterior plate of thelycum with strongly raised enterior and lateral margins distally pointed; posterior plate also with strongly raised lateral margins, the whole making a widely concave armchair-like structure. Ditinctive characters : Entire body densely pubescent. Rostrum armed with 8 t 10 (rarely 8) dorsal teeth, reaching to distal half of second antennular article, generally strongly upcurved in females, straight in males. Colour : pinkish to pale red DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

27. Trachypenaeus curvirostris (Stimpson, 1860)

(a) PETASMA with broad, wing-like distolateral projections, directed laterally and curved dosoventrally; distomedian projections small, curved ventrally.

(b) THELYCUM anterior plate of thelycum concave anteriorly, with a middle groove posteriorly and blunted ointed anterior margin; posterior plate notched anteromedially.

Distinctive characters : Entire body densely pubescent. Rostrum armed with 7 to 11 doral teeth, reaching distal half of second antennular article or little beyond, usually uptitled, straight or upcurved.

Colour : pinkish to pale red

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES 28 . Sicyonia lancifera (olivier, 1811) (a) PETASMA, (b) THELYCUM Distinctive characters : Body robust, rigid, of stony Appearance Rostrum well developed (reaching to or exceeding distal end of eye stalk) and armed with teeth; base of eyestalk with a styliform projection on its inner surface and without a tubercle on its mesial (inner) border. Colour : Pale reddish The species of Acetes (A. japonicus, A. indicus and A. E.rythrae s) are small shrimps, the adult total length ranging between 1 and 4 cm. The body is translucent or semitranslucid, with black,eyes and several pairs of red pigment spots on the basis and endopods of uropods. Carapace with poorly developed crests and grooves, rostrum shorter than the eye stalk, generally small. Colour : Pale white DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES 29 Acetes japonicus Kishinouye, 1905 (a) Right lower antennular flagellum of male (b) Left petasmal half in ventral view (c) Coxa-basis of 3rd pereopods and last thoracic sterum of famale (d) Coxa basis of 3rd pereopods and genital coxae of male DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES 30. Acetes indicus Milne Edwards, 1830 (a) Right lower antennular flagellum of male (b) Right petasmal half in ventral view (c) Coxa-basis of 3rd pereopods and last thoracic sterum of female (d) Coxa-basis of 3rd pereopods and genital coxae of male (e) Procurved tooth (found between lst pair of pleopods) DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES 31 . Acetes erythraeus Nobili, 1905 (a) Right lower antennular flagellum of male (b) Left petasmal half in ventral view (c) Coxa-basis of 3rd pereopods and last thoracic sternum of female (d) Coxa-basis of 3rd pereopods and genital coxae of male (e) Procurved tooth (found between lst pair of pleopdos) DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES 32. Stenopus tenuirostris De Man (a) Prominent cervical groove (b) The longer and stouter third pair of pereopod (c) Dorsal view of carapace (d) Two lateral teeth on the rostrum Distinctive characters : Spines are present throughout the carapace, abdominal segments, and telson; cervical grooves are deep; rostrum with both dorsal and ventral teeth and t-vjo lateral teeth; third pairs of pereopod's chela with 3 teeth in the cutting edge. Colour : Reddish DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

33. Caridina nilotica bengalensis De Man, 1908

(a) Two dorsal rostral teeth are placed on the rostrum

(b) Dactylus of third pair of female

(c) Dactylus of fifth pair

Distinctive characters : The rostral teeth formula, dorsal 20 to 24 and ventral 11 to 14. In all the specimens the proximal row of teeth appears considerably longer unarmed part, usually two teeth are placed on the carapace.

Colour : Slightly greenish to pale brownish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

34 . Chernocaris placunae Johnson, 1965,

(a) Dactylus of third leg,

(b) Dorsal view of telson

Distinctive characters : Body very strongly depressed; rostrum is rather short and broad and no conspicuous teetti. The lower portion of the branchiostegal regions of the carapace and the pleura of the anterior abdominal segments reflexed against the ventral surface. Commensal with the bivalve.

Colour : Pale white

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

35. Macrobrachium idella (Hilcjendorf, 1898)

(a) Two rostral teeth are placed behind the orbit

Distinctive characters : Rostrum without distinct elevated basal crest. Teeth formula of rostrum 11 to 14 dorsal and 4 to 5 ventral.

Colour : Pale greenish to light brown in colour

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

36. Macrobrachium idae (Heller,1862)

(a) Three rostral teeth are placed behind the orbit

Distinctive characters : Rostrum extends little behind distal margin of antennal segment in males. The rostral teeth formula is 9 to 12 dorsal and 3 to 4 ventral. Rostrum without a distinct elevated basal crest.

Colour : Pale greenishto light brownish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

37. Macrobrachium malcolmsonii (Milne Edwards, 1844)

(a) Rostrum with distinct elevated basal crest.

Distinctive characters : Rostrum rather long, reachingto about end of antjn-nal scale, its tip slightly upcurved basal part of dorsal margin rather high and crest-like, armed with 7-11 teeth of which he posterior 2 or 3 are placed behind with the orbital margin, distal part of dorsal margin toothless, except for 1 or 2 (sometimes upto 4) subdistal teeth, ventral margin with 4 to 7, usually 6, teeth.

Colour : Pale greenish to pale greyish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

38. Macrobrachium aemulum (Nobili, 1906)

(a) 4-6 rostral teeth are placed behind the orbit.

Distinctive characters : Rostrum without elevated basal crest extending-to about distal end of antennular peduncle, four dorsal teeth on carapace and ventral 2 to 3 teeth. Rostral teeth formula, 12 to 14 dorsal aiid 2 to 3 ventral.

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

39. Macrobrachium scabriculum (Heller, 1862)

(a) Right second pereopod of male with wooly hairs or velvetty hairs.

Distinctive characters : Rostrum with 4 to 5 dorsal teeth on carapace. The rostral teeth formula, 12 to 16 dorsal and 2 to 3 ventral. Rostrum in adult male usually extending to tip of antennular peduncle and distinctly sloping down, in adult females horizontal and slightly over reach antennular peduncle.

Colour : Greyish to pale brownish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

40. Nematopalaemon tenuipes (Henderson, 1893)

Sym : (Palaemon (Nematopalaemon) tenuipes) (a) Rostrum, basal crest well elevated with 4 to 8 teeth;

(b) Dactylus of third to fifth pairs of pereopods extremely long

Distinctive characters : Rostrum long and slender, with an elevated crest of 4 to 8 teeth over the eye. riost of distal part of dorsal margin toothless save for a small subdistal tooth, ventral margin with 2 to 6 teeth.

Colour : Whitish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

41. Palaemon concinnus Dana, 1852 Sym : (Palaemon (Palaemon) concinnus)

(a) Branchiostegal spine situated some distance below branchiostegal suture,

(b) Telson tip

Distinctive characters : Rostrum well developed and curved upwards at tip; rostral teeth formula 5 to 7 dorsal teeth and 3 to 6 ventral teeth, first dorsal teeth placed behind posterior limit of orbit.

Colour : Whitish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

42. Palaemon semmelinkii (De Man) Sym : (Palaemon (Palaeonder) semmelinkii)

(a) Rostrum without proximal crest

(b) The sixth abdominal segment is about 1.5 times as long as the fifth,

(c) Telson tip

Distinctive characters : The rostrum curved upwards, rostral teeth formula 8 to 9 dorsal and 2 to 3 ventral; In males rostrum more slender than females, first rostral tooth placed behind the orbit, second tooth placed just over margin of orbit.

Colour : Whitish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

43. Exopalaemon styliferus (Milne Edwards, 1840) Syni : (Palaemon (Exopalaemon) styliferus)

(a) Rostrum with prominent basal crest which bears 5-7 teeth

(2) Telson bears 2 pairs of minute spinules in its distal half

Distinctive characters : Rostrum long and slender, with an elevated basal crest of 5 to 7 teeth over the eye, most of the distal part of margin toothless, save for 1 or 2 subdistal teeth; ventral margin with 6 to 10 teeth.

Colour : Whitish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

44. Periclimenes demani Kemp

(a) Hepatic spine,

(b) Supra orbital spine

(c) Broad rostral blade in lateral view

(d) The long and slender carpus of the second pereopods.

Distinctive character : Rostral teeth formula 7 to 9 and 1-3. in male,' in lateral view, the rostral blade is broad infront of its middle point and is very slightly upturned towards the apex.

Colour : Pale greenish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

45. Periclimenes indicus (Kemp)

(a) Sixth abdominal somite twice as long as fifth

(b) Last three pairs of pereopods: the propod bear tufts of longish setae and the dactylus is naked and biunguiculate, bearing a slender spine near the apex.

Distinctive charaters : Rostrum slightly longer, with 8-10 teeth above, and 2 or 3 teeth below; basal segment of antennular peduncle broader, its outer margin convex, apex of antennal scale produced not so far beyond spine which terminates the outer edge.

Colour : Pale greenish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

46. Pontocaris pennata Bate, 1888

(a) Anterior region dorsal view,

(b) Second pereopod

(c)First pereopod

Distinctive characters : Second pereopods not different in the two sexes, the middle one of the three at either side of the medium dorsal carina, ends anteriorly in a sharp tooth. Rostrum cleft apically, carapace with median carina typically armed either with 4 or with 7-11 teeth and lateral carina interrupted by oblique hepatic furrow.

Colour : Pale greyish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

47. Exhippolysmata ensirostris (Kemp, 1914)

(a) Rostrum with elevated basal crest

(b) First pereopod,

(c) Second pereopod

Distinctive characters : Carapace smooth, Rostrum long, longer than carapace, its dorsal margin with an elevated basal crest of 7 to 12 teeth, which are placed close together, rest of dorsal margin with 3 or 4 widely spaced teeth, ventral margin with 7 to 16 more or less equally spaced teeth.

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

48. Lysmata vittata (Stinipson, 1860) Sym: (Hippolysmata vittata)

(a) Rostrum without elevated basal crest.

Distinctive characters : Carapace smooth, Rostrum shorter than carapace, without elevated basal crest. The rostral teeth formula 8 to 13 teeth and 6 to 16 ventral teeth.

Colour : Pinkish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

49. Nikoides sibogae De Man

(a) Anterior part of body, dorsal view.

Distinctive characters : Rostrum long, apex bifid, usually over reaching as long as eye. Carapace smooth 3.0 to 3.5 times as long as rostrum

Colour : Pale white

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

50. Processa japonica (De Haan)

(a) Anterior part of body-dorsal view

Distinctive characters : Rostrum short, simple and triangular in dorsal view, lateral margin rather strongly carinate. Carapace smooth, glabrous; Antennular pedunclelong, slender, basal segment as long as distal two segment combined.

Colour : Pale white

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

51. Plesionika ensis (Milne Edwards, 1881)

(a) No longitudinal carinae on the carapace.

Ditinctive characters : No longitudinal carinae on the carapace except for the post rostral crest, 3rd . maxilliped with exopod. The rostrum longer than eyes, arriied with dorsal and ventral teeth.

Colour :Reddish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

52. Heterocarpus affinis

(a) Carapace with longitudinal carina

Distinctive characters : Rostrum longer than eyes, armed with dorsal and ventral teeth. Carapace with longitudinal carinae, in addition to the postrostral crest-Integument very hard and rigid. First pair of pereopod ending in microscopically small pincers (or) pincers entirely lacking, legs slender, less heavy than any other pair.

Colour : Reddish

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

Parapenaeopsis hardwickii (Miers, 1878)

(a) Sigmoidal and upcurved rostrum;

(b) PETASMA with distomedian projections wing-like, wider than long, their anterior margin often crenulate; distolateral projections short and directed laterally; proximolateral lobes very large, curved dorsally.

(c) THELYCUM with anterior plate concave, rounded anteriorly; posterior plate flat with a pair of anterolateral tooth-like projections, anteromedian margin slightly covex and bearing a transverse row of long setae.

Distinctive characters: Rostrum arried with 8 to 10 dorsal teeth; in females, sigmoidal, toothless on distal 1/3 to 1/2, upcurved and exceeding antennular peduncle; in large r.qales curved downward, unarmed portion absent and reaching middle of second antennular article; both shapes found in young males.

Colour: Pinkish grey

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

Parapenaeopsis maxlllipedo Alcock, 1905

(a) Distal 1/3 of rostrum unarmed

(b) PETASMA with long and slender, horne-like distolateral projections, diverging proximally and curving inward distally, without small dorsal spiniform processes; distomedian projections extremely small.

(c) THELYCUM anterior plate of thelycum subquadrate, posteriorly depressed and medially fused to posterior plate, the latter with a pair of lateral depressions and median boss; a median tuft of long setae behind the thelycum.

Distinctive characters : Rostrum straight, tip uptilted, generally toothless on distal 1/4 reaching from middle of second to distal margin of third antennular article and armed with 8 to 11 (Usually 9 or 10) dorsal teeth.

Colour : Pale greenish to Pale grey.

DISTINCTIVE CHARACTERS OF SPECIES

Parapenaeopsis sculptilis (Heller, 1862)

(a) PETASMA with long, rabbit ear-shaped distomedian projections, deeply concave ventrally; distomateral projections short, directed anterolaterally; proximolateral lobes very large and curved dorsally.

(b) THELYCUM with anterior plate distally rounded and broadly articulating with posterior plate, the latter with a median tubercle bearing a tuft of long setae.

Distinctive characters : Rostrum armed with 7 to 9 dorsal teeth, in females, sigmoid-shaped, toothless on distal. third to half, upcurved and exceeding antennular peduncle, in large males, curving downward, the unarmed portion absent and only reaching to middle of second antennular article; both shapes found in young males.

Colour : Pale brown to dark brown